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J. PAULY.

ROLLER FOR FLOUR MILLS.

Patented June 30,1885.

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UNITED STATES "P TENT Prion.

JUNIUS PAULY, or PORT DE MOULEY DIEIt DOBDOGNE, FRANCE.

ROLLER FOR FLOUR-MILLS .ilPECIFICATION forming part. of Letters Patent No. 321,241, dated June 30, 1885.

Applioatirn filed April 1?, 1885. (No mcdtl.) Patented in France December 27, 1883, No. 159,424.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, .IUNIUs PAULY, of Port de Mouley dier Dordogne, France, and a citizen of the Republic of France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rollers for Flour-Mills, (for which Letters Patent were granted in France, December 27, 1883, No. 159,424,) of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to roller, flour, and grain mills in which flour is produced by the combined actions of crushing and grinding the grain and my invention consists in rollers for mills of this class having operative surfaces composed of burr-stone, or equivalent stone, as hereinafter described and claimed.

Figure 1 of the drawings is aside elevation, partly in longitudinal section, of a roller containing my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of Fig. 1; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6 show, in detail, the successive series of rollers which I employ, according to my invention, to effect the combined grinding and crushing action in treating grain to produce flour.

I construct my rollers with an exterior surface of burr-stone mounted on a metal axis, which has the bearing-journals,and with cement interposed between the stone and the axis.

Any equivalent stone to burr-stone-such as granite, flint, quartzite, &c., possessing the same characteristics of porosity, and also susceptibility to polish-may be employed to constitute the operative surface of the roller. I find it preferable in fabricating the rollers to make the stone-surfacing in sections a and a, (shown in Figs. 2 and 3,) which are recessed at b and b, respectively, to receive the uniting cement, and further recessed at c and 0, respectively, to receive the metal axis. The sections are formed with the matched and close jolnts or unions d and d, respectively, where the exterior faces of the stone come together, so that a substantially continuous exterior stone face is constituted on the roller. These rollers are to a great degree nonheating. The preferably non-heat-conducting cement, into which sulphur desirably enters as an important element, is shown at e, and the metal axis at f, carrying the jonrnalsf on its projecting extremities, on which latter the rollers are to be mounted, and by which they are to be operated by means of suitable and well-known devices, such as gearing or belts and pulleys. These actuating devices are not shown, as it is not deemed necessary; but the motions of the respective rollers are hereinafter particularly specified.

In order that the sections of the rollers may be held firmly and permanently together during their operation, I cut a circumferential shoulder on the ends of the united stone-sections, as shown at g, and in the seats thus provided I place the metal bands or hoops g, which may be shrunk into place, and upon the ends of the rollers I place the plates h, which are secured by bolts, as shown. Any other suitable devices maybe employed to hold the sections of the rollers together; or the rollers may each be formed of a single cylinder of stone cored out to receive the metal axis and the interposed cement.

I thus constitute a roller which is peculiarly adapted to be dressed and employed in carrying out the operations hereinafter described in treating grain to produce flour.

In Fig. 4, at A B, is shown a pair of my described rollers. The surface of these rollers is dressed with a hammer to produce a mill-stone surface, the apices of the projections of this rough surface being somewhat blunt or rounddescribed rollers, the surfaces being similarly roughened, but with the apices of the projections made sharper or more pointed than those of the surface of rollers A B. In Fig. 6, at E F, are shown pairs of rollers constructed according to my invention, and the operative surfaces of these rollers are smooth and polished. Each set or pair of these described rollers is intended to be mounted in a suitable machine and frame, and to be so operated that one of the rollers will be rotated at a speed different to that of its fellow.

The grain is first passed between the rollers A B, and by them broken and opened. The product of the rollers A B is then passed between the rollers C D, and is by their action ground. The meal thus produced is then passed between the smooth rollers E F, and wholly crushed, and the completed flour is produced. The fineness of the flour will, it is obvious, de-

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pend upon the degree of contiguity of the smooth-roller surfaces, and several grades of fineness may be produced by employing several pairs of these smooth rollers, the rollers of such pairs being set or adjusted with different degrees of contiguity, as shown in the three pairs in Fig. 6.

I have shown two pairs of the grindingrollers O D, and three pairs of the smooth rollei s E Fin the drawings; but I find in practice that it is desirable to provide four pairs of the rollers C D, and six pairsof the rollers E F, the latter beingarranged in three sets of two pairs each, the pairs in each set having their rollers adjusted with the same degree of contiguity, for I find that the rollers A B in a single pair will break and open enough grain to supply continuously the specified'sets of grinding and crushing rollers O D and E F.

The foregoing description of the employment of rollers, constructed, according to my invention, by organizing them in sets or pairs into a system of apparatus for producing flour, is not given with the intention of claiming the same herein as new, such organization and use of rollers in flour-mills being well known in the art; but the description is given in order that the invention herein described and claimed may be the more intelligently set forth and understood.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In aroller-mill for making flour, the combination of grinding and crushing rollers, composed of the sectionsaa, recessed, respectively, at b and b and at c and c, and match-jointed at d and d, and having the metal axis f, and interposed cement e, as and for the purpose specified.

2. Ina roller-mill for making flour, the combination of grinding and crushing rollers, composed, respectively, of the described recessed sections a and a, the metal axis f, and interposed cement e, together with the annularshoulders g and the metal bands 9, the end plates, h, and their holding-bolts, as specified.

J UNIUS PAULY.

Witnesses:

A. G. N. VERMILYA, A. S. FI'roIr. 

